Question
In triangle ABC with sides a,b,c and semiperimzeter s,prove
\sin\dfrac{C}{2} = \sqrt{\dfrac{(s-a)(s-b)}{ab} }
\cos\dfrac{C}{2} = \sqrt{\dfrac{s(s-c)}{ab} }
In triangle ABC with sides a,b,c and semiperimzeter s,prove
\sin\dfrac{C}{2} = \sqrt{\dfrac{(s-a)(s-b)}{ab} }
\cos\dfrac{C}{2} = \sqrt{\dfrac{s(s-c)}{ab} }
Using Law of cosine
\cos C = \dfrac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2 a b}
and double angle angle identity
\cos C =1-2 \sin^2 \dfrac{C}{2}
Then we have the equality
1-2 \sin^2 \dfrac{C}{2}= \dfrac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2 a b}
\sin^2 \dfrac{C}{2} = \dfrac{1}{2} \Big( 1- \dfrac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2 a b}\Big)
=\dfrac{2ab-a^2-b^2+c^2}{4ab}
=\dfrac{(c-a+b)(c+a-b)}{4ab}
=\dfrac{(s-a)(s-b)}{ab}
Therefore,
\sin\dfrac{C}{2} = \sqrt{\dfrac{(s-a)(s-b)}{ab} }
Using Law of cosine
\cos C = \dfrac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2 a b}
and double angle angle identity
\cos C =2 \cos^2 \dfrac{C}{2} - 1
We get the equality
2 \cos^2 \dfrac{C}{2} - 1 = \dfrac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2 a b}
Then,
\cos^2 \dfrac{C}{2} = \dfrac{1}{2} \Big( \dfrac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2 a b}+1\Big)
=\dfrac{a^2+b^2-c^2+2ab}{4ab}
=\dfrac{(a+b-c)(a+b+c)}{4ab}
=\dfrac{(s-c)s}{ab}
Therefore,
\cos\dfrac{C}{2} = \sqrt{\dfrac{s(s-c)}{ab} }