Question
If three sides of a triangle are less than 1 iIn length, show that its area is less than \dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{4}
If three sides of a triangle are less than 1 iIn length, show that its area is less than \dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{4}
If three sides of a triangle are given values, the area of the triangle can be calculated with Heron’s formula.
A = \sqrt{s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)} ,
in which s =\dfrac{a+b+c}{2} ,
or directly in terms of a, b, c
A = \dfrac{1}{4}\sqrt{(a+b+c)(-a+b+c)(a-b+c)(a+b-c)}
Since
a <1, b<1, b< 1
Addition of the three inequalities gives
Therefore,
A < \dfrac{\sqrt{3} }{4}\cdotp \sqrt{(-a+b+c)(a-b+c)(a+b-c)}
Using AM-GM inequality
A < \dfrac{\sqrt{3} }{4}\cdotp\dfrac{(-a+b+c)+(a-b+c)+(a+b-c)}{3}
= \dfrac{\sqrt{3} }{4}\cdotp\dfrac{a+b+c}{3}
< \dfrac{\sqrt{3} }{4}\cdotp \dfrac{3}{3}
= \dfrac{\sqrt{3} }{4}
Now we have verified the area of the triangle is less than \dfrac{\sqrt{3} }{4} if the length of its three sides is less than 1
Since the sum of three internal angles of a triangle is equal to 180\degree , if C is the angle with the smallest measure, C is less than 60\degree .
Given two sides and the Included angle of the two sides, the area of a triangle can be expressed as,
A = \dfrac{1}{2}ab\sin C
\because a<1, b<1 and C<60\degree
A<\dfrac{1}{2} \cdotp 1\cdotp 1\cdotp \sin 60\degree =\dfrac{\sqrt{3} }{4}